http://scientificmethod.org tHinK! Fri, 09 Jun 2006 17:18:27 +0000 http://backend.userland.com/rss092 en Personal Attributes. One of the first things to be considered is the personal attributes of the researcher. Is there evidence of dishonesty self-delusion favoritism extreme bias emotional instability recklessness anti-social disorder rigid thinking sensation seeking Technical Questions. Fairness requires that those involved in a misconduct investigation be technically qualified or have technical advisors so as to reach the correct decision. Recommended ... http://scientificmethod.org/integrity-of-the-research-process-evidence-of-misconduct.html In addition to the two previous provisions defining findings of research misconduct, the one above applies. Charging anyone with misconduct is serious business. Thus, the government requires that there be a preponderance of evidence to support the charges. Let’s define “research process”: The American Heritage Dictionary defines the noun research as “(1) ... http://scientificmethod.org/integrity-of-the-research-process-the-allegation-be-proven-by-a-preponderance-of-evidence.html Misconduct must include three elements listed in my May 5, 2006 comments. This is the second necessary element. There are occasional frauds done intentionally or knowingly, but the ones that present the greater danger and uncertainty are those done recklessly. In my comments of May 5, 2006 I point out that ... http://scientificmethod.org/integrity-of-the-research-process-the-misconduct-be-committed-intentionally-or-knowingly-or-recklessly.html In my May 5, 2006 comments, the first finding of research misconduct required under Federal regulations was “A finding of research misconduct requires that: There be a significant departure from accepted practices of the relevant research community.” In my May 12, 2006 comments, I established that educational research is covered by the regulations ... http://scientificmethod.org/integrity-of-the-research-process-departure-from-accepted-practices.html In the Federal regulations regarding research misconduct (Federal Register, vol. 65, no. 235, December 6, 2006), footnote 2 says: “Research, as used herein, includes all basic, applied, and demonstration research in all fields of science, engineering, and mathematics. This includes, but is not limited to, research in economics, education, linguistics, medicine, ... http://scientificmethod.org/integrity-of-the-research-process-who-is-covered-under-federal-regulations.html Under Federal regulations as published in the Federal Register, vol 65, no. 235, December 6, 2000, findings are defined as: “A finding of research misconduct requires that: There be a significant departure from accepted practices of the relevant research community; and The misconduct be committed intentionally, or knowingly, or recklessly; and The allegation be ... http://scientificmethod.org/integrity-of-the-research-process-findings-of-research-misconduct.html Definition in the Federal Regulations - “Plagiarism is the appropriation of another person’s ideas, processes, results or words without giving appropriate credit.” On the surface this may not seem as important as fabrication and falsification. However, the smooth functioning of the whole system of science depends on honesty and a devotion ... http://scientificmethod.org/integrity-of-the-research-process-plagiarism.html Definition in the federal regulations: “Falsification is making up data or results and recording or reporting them.” There have been cases in which researchers deliberately and intentionally falsified their research. This type of activity is not tolerated in science. Researchers should realize that it will usually be detected sooner or later ... http://scientificmethod.org/integrity-of-the-research-process-fabrication.html (Note: I will be posting only once per week while doing the series on integrity.) Fabrication involves violation of honesty, the basic feature of the integrity of the research process. In this process the researcher deceives by making up results or altering actual results and reporting them in an effort to deceive ... http://scientificmethod.org/fabrication.html Scientists have always been concerned about the integrity of the research process. This interest has increased now that the federal government has instituted more regulations about it. More information can be obtained by going to www.ostp.gov. From the site: I. Research Misconduct Defined Research misconduct is defined as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism ... http://scientificmethod.org/federal-policy-on-research-misconduct.html